In this subpanel, the neutrals and grounds are bonded together, but that should only happen at the main electrical panel. The neutral wire carries return current back to the transformer, while the ground wire is only meant for fault current (like during a short). Here we also have double-lugged ground wires, two wires under one screw, which most panels aren’t rated for. And one neutral wire re-identified as a hot, properly taped (that part’s okay ✅). These small details can make a big difference

Are Neutral and Ground Wires Together in the Main Panel? Things You Need to Know! – Circuits Gallery

Subpanel Grounding and Neutral: Separated or On Same Bar?