What Is Asperger’s Syndrome? (Explained Simply) Asperger’s syndrome was once considered a separate diagnosis, but today it falls under Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Level 1. It describes people who are autistic without delays in language or intelligence, but who experience unique differences in social communication and patterns of behavior. Common Features • Strong focus on specific interests • Difficulty reading social cues • Preference for routine and predictability • Sensory sensitivities •