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Longwall mining is a highly productive underground coal mining method that involves the extraction of a long wall of coal in a single, continuous operation. This animation shows longwall equipment in a coal mining operation. Longwall mining is known for its efficiency and high production rates but can have significant environmental and subsidence impacts. Proper engineering and safety measures are essential to minimise these impacts and ensure the safety of miners and the surrounding environment

The long wall excavation method in mining is a highly efficient technique primarily used in coal mining, involving the full extraction of large rectangular coal blocks in a continuous operation. Using a long wall face, typically 100 to 300 meters long, hydraulic roof supports, or shields, hold up the mine roof while a shearer or plow cuts the coal. The coal is transported to the surface via a conveyor belt. As the shearer advances, the supports move forward, allowing controlled roof collapse, kn