Mental testers define an individual’s intelligence in many ways, usually as “the capacity for abstracting” or “the ability to meet new situations.” One thing on which most agree, however, is that its ...

French psychologist Alfred Binet (1859-1911) took a different tack than most psychologists of his day: he was interested in the workings of the normal mind rather than the pathology of mental illness.

A year later, together with his colleague Théodore Simon, Binet had developed the world’s first official intelligence test: The Binet-Simon test. It would involve a series of questions on areas ...

In the early 1900s, the French government passed a new law, which would require all children to attend school. Naturally, some children would need more specialized assistance and care than others. And ...