Whether a bacterium’s tail spins clockwise or counterclockwise was previously thought to depend on a ‘domino effect’ among proteins inside the tail. However, new research proposes that a tug-of-war is ...

Scientists have uncovered a new explanation for how swimming bacteria change direction, providing fresh insight into one of biology's most intensively studied molecular machines. Bacteria move through ...

Nagoya University scientists in Japan and colleagues at Yale University in the US have uncovered details of how the bacterial propeller, known as the flagellum, switches between counterclockwise and ...

The scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) is a useful tool for probing the rotation of molecules on surfaces at the single-molecule level 21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29. Our STM experiments were performed ...

When multi-joint reaching movements are made within a rotating reference frame, additional interaction torques are generated in the form of Coriolis forces. Coriolis forces are a function of the cross ...