In fetal life, peripheral chemoreceptor stimulation by hypoxia or hypercapnia produces bradycardia and peripheral vasoconstriction (1, 2). After birth, however, the same stimuli cause hyperventilation ...
Laryngeal stimulation with fluids potentially harmful to the airways induces a graded and reproducible reflex response consisting of laryngeal constriction, swallowing, and apnea followed by ...
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